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Nathan Kidder, Ben Rhoads, and Brian Jackson are student interns in the AFRL Discovery Lab program directed by Dr. Rob Williams. The program is a partnership between the Air Force Research Laboratory and the Wright Brothers Institute and is hosted near Wright-Patterson Air Force Base at Tec^Edge. Each year, the program hosts a multitude of interdisciplinary projects that are developed by teams of high-school, undergraduate, and graduate students. The DMAV project was part of a collaboration with the AFRL Aerospace Systems Directorate and the Dayton-Cincinnati chapter of AIAA.
During their 10-week research internship at the AFRL Discovery Lab, the trio was tasked with 3D printing a fully functional aircraft from a Makerbot Replicator 2X. The idea behind the project was that a plane could be quickly and cost effectively manufactured using 3D printing. The airframe could be printed for $16 worth of plastic in a matter of hours.
For the first five weeks of the program, the team designed and printed prototypes of their aircraft designs. With two Makerbots at their disposal, the team printed through five revisions before settling on an aircraft design they believed could fly. Stephen Warrener, an accomplished RC enthusiast, agreed to pilot the aircraft.
On the first flight of the morning, the 1.5 pound aircraft was handlaunched into a wind gust by Brian. After a brief session of controlled flight, the plane plummeted into the ground, snapping the nose cone into pieces. Undeterred, the Ohio State University students salvaged the motor and attempted to fly the second plane. "We knew the aircraft wasn't going to survive a landing. That's the 'D' in Disposable," Ben explained after the crash.
Stephen and Brian inspect the plane for damage after landing.
The second airplane, however, landed multiple times without crashing. The next flight was a success despite a rocky start. "It flew, but I was constantly fighting it," Stephen exclaimed after he recovered from a steep nosedive and landed the airplane. The plane went on to fly in two more one-minute flights before a landing which resulted in a fractured wing. The day's flight testing established the team as the first functional airplane with an airframe that was fully 3D printed (no structural aids such as carbon rods or otherwise) using an FDM machine. The aircraft was additionally the first 3D printed low wing plane to be flown. The first video below depicts the initial testing of the aircraft. The second video depicts testing following design modifications and the addition of an onboard camera.

Smoothieboard 

• Stepper motor drivers are cooled by the PCB with wide copper areas which allows you to get more out of your board than with normal off-board drivers.
• All main connectors are on the borders of the board making it easier to plug in and leaving the board less clogged with cables.
• All pins are broken out to make it easy to add things to your board and to make it easy to support new uses
• Stepper motors current setting is controlled digitally. Forget about turning minuscule potentiometers with a screw driver; Just set your current in your config file.

On Kickstarter it starts from 100 USD for 3 axis version, to 160 USD for 5 axis version.

http://smoothieware.org/

http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/logxen/smoothieboard-the-future-of-cnc-motion-control

RAMBo 1.2 

From product page:

Improvements for version 1.2 of RAMBo motherboard include:

USB isolation - Ground loops are a known issue with USB. When two devices are connected to mains power it is possible that their grounds are at different voltages. When a USB cable is connected between two devices with a different ground reference the cable can be a path for current return. This can cause interference, and in worst cases burn traces/components on circuit boards, and melt USB cables. It can usually be avoided by ensuring USB connected devices are plugged into the same power outlet as their peers. We opted to add isolation between the atmega32u2 that handles serial comms and the atmega2560 that runs the printer. The Analog Devices iCoupler ADUM7441 used is transformer based so it is isolated in a way similar to ethernet. We chose this part over opto-couplers mainly due to its small footprint for the number of isolated channels.

Thermistor over voltage protection - Over voltage and ESD damage to microcontroller ADC pins has killed many 3D printer controllers. Like many recent 3D printer developments a solution was proposed on the RepRap Forums. Bobc, Nophead, Cefiar, and NoobMan proposed an overvoltage protection for the thermistors. I found the discussion and based my implementation on nophead's sketch here. We customized it for the impedance, leakage current, and VCC level of RAMBo. It protects the Atmega2560's ADC from continuous 24V input and short pulses of 35V.

All the power rails on the new RAMBo boards are compatible with input voltages up to 35V.

There is a more detailed change list on the RepRap wiki. The individual commits are in the RAMBo source files on github. We will be publishing more docs shortly (mostly at the RepRap wiki). Google

https://ultimachine.com/content/rambo-version-12-released

Intel Galileo

From Arduino page:

Galileo is a microcontroller board based on the Intel® Quark SoC X1000 Application Processor, a 32-bit Intel Pentium-class system on a chip (datasheet?). It’s the first board based on Intel® architecture designed to be hardware and software pin-compatible with Arduino shields designed for the Uno R3. Digital pins 0 to 13 (and the adjacent AREF and GND pins), Analog inputs 0 to 5, the power header, ICSP header, and the UART port pins (0 and 1), are all in the same locations as on the Arduino Uno R3. This is also known as the Arduino 1.0 pinout.

Galileo is designed to support shields that operate at either 3.3V or 5V. The core operating voltage of Galileo is 3.3V. However, a jumper on the board enables voltage translation to 5V at the I/O pins. This provides support for 5V Uno shields and is the default behavior. By switching the jumper position, the voltage translation can be disabled to provide 3.3V operation at the I/O pins.

Of course, the Galileo board is also software compatible with the Arduino Software Development Environment (IDE), which makes usability and introduction a snap. In addition to Arduino hardware and software compatibility, the Galileo board has several PC industry standard I/O ports and features to expand native usage and capabilities beyond the Arduino shield ecosystem. A full sized mini-PCI Express slot, 100Mb Ethernet port, Micro-SD slot, RS-232 serial port, USB Host port, USB Client port, and 8MByte NOR flash come standard on the board.

http://arduino.cc/en/ArduinoCertified/IntelGalileo

http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/do-it-yourself/galileo-maker-quark-board.html